Illicit Financial Flows (IFF) includes a wide range of illicit and illegal cross-border financial activities, including high-level corruption, money-laundering, and sanctions evasion. This paper provides an analytical overview of how Russian actors and proxies are using IFF to support Russian foreign policy goals.

Organised crime actors can be spoilers in peace processes or partners in peace. This new review paper demonstrates the importance of creating a framework for engaging with criminality and organised crime groups that extends beyond confrontation – allowing for accommodation and incorporating a wider societal change agenda through transformation.